Narrow bands around the storage root, symptomatic of sweet potato feathery mottle virus top. Black rot of sweet potato disease cycle and management dr. In countries where viral diseases are a regular problem, subsequent. Potato diseases and predators potatoes are susceptible to many different diseases. Wilt diseases there are two wilts that affect potatoes in north dakota. Joe masabni department of horticulture texas agrilife extension service varieties beauregard, centennial, jewel, vardaman soil preferences deep sandy loam, fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand ph 5. Jeeva central tuber crops research institute, thiruvananthapuram695 017, india corresponding author. Jump to navigation jump to search this article is a list of diseases. Sweet potato is a tropical plant and will suffer injury at temperatures below 55of.
Most common larvae are mainly active during winter and spring. Field troubles are divisible into root and stem diseases and leaf diseases. Paschea adepartment of plant pathology, north dakota state university, fargo, north dakota 58105, usa. Although there are slight differences in symptoms, these two diseases are not easily distinguished in the home garden. Lam to papua new guinea png some 400 year ago, the crop has. Soft rot can cause heavy losses in stored potatoes if not properly managed, creating a perception of poor quality in export seed potato markets. Compendium of sweetpotato diseases, pests, and disorders.
Potato diseases and pests, symptoms, control methods. Nelson plant pathology specialist university of hawaii at manoa college of tropical agriculture and human resources cooperative extension service 920 stainback highway hilo, hi 96720. Late blight of potato is a downy mildew caused by a fungus, phytoph thora infestans. Managing scab diseases of potato and radish caused by streptomyces spp. Sepae ffii t ss li b aet sweet potato v epar brief no. The mildew, or flour like spots, usually on the lower surface of the leaf, distinguishes the disease. Accoiding to irfth, columbus discovered the sweet potato in cuba on his iiist.
Control strategies for sweet potato virus disease in africa. Some of the common pests affecting sweet potatoes include the sweet potato stem borer and the white grub. Martins effect of age of planting material onyields of sweet potato from cuttings, tropical root and tuber crops newsletter 15. Managing scab diseases of potato and radish caused by. Pectolytic enzymes dissolve the middle lamella, composed of. Other leading states include louisiana, california, and mississippi. The sweet potato stem borer larvae will bore into the stem of the sweet potato and feed in the crown area. Sweet potato, ipomoea batatas, is an herbaceous perennial in the family convolvulaceae grown for its edible storage roots. Detailed descriptions of most sweetpotato diseases are presented in the compendium of sweet potato diseases by clark and moyer published in 1988. Sweet potato diseases and pests, description, uses.
Burn lime mean or normal moisture nozzle ounces parasitic paris green perature physiology and pathology plants poisoning of potato potato affected potato blight potato diseases potato leaf blight potato leaves potato scab recommended for early result rot treatment scald seed slack soon. Nearly 50% longer than the previous edition, this is the most. Vitamin c like citrus, sweet potatoes are a good source of vitamin c, which helps fight infections, heal wounds and absorb iron. Identification and control of potato soft rot and blackleg. Learn to recognize the symptoms of important potato and tomato pests. Gibson1, valentine aritua2, emmanuel byamukama2, isaac mpembe3, james kayongo3 1natural resources institute, university of greenwich, central avenue, chatham maritime, kent, me4 4tb, uk. Potato diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas, a viroid, nematode m. Symptoms tubers brown to black particles of variable shape and size easily detached from the skin with the thumb nail sprouts sprout tips blackened causing secondary sprouts to grow, which may in turn be infected sprouts may not emerge under severe attack stems stem bases bear brown cankers which may girdle stem and may cause rolling, wilting and formation of aerial. Identification and control of potato soft rot and blackleg pathogens in zimbabwe by. Post harvest handling, storage methods, pests and diseases of sweet potato article pdf available january 2010 with 4,141 reads how we measure reads.
Temperatures do not have to reach the freezing point to cause damage. Diseases of sweet potatoes are divisible into two classes, 1 field troubles, and 2 storage rots. On infected vines, the base of the stem turns brown at the. Vegetables english uc postharvest technology center. However, fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and phytoplasma are known to attack sweet potato clark and moyer 1988. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded. Sweet potatoes also contain niacin, folate, and iron like most vegetables, sweet potatoes are low in fat and are cholesterol free sweet potatoes can be prepared with sweet or savory flavors sweet potatoes go well with meats, fruits, and other vegetables canned, frozen, or fresh, sweet potatoes are available all year. Seed potato degeneration section 1 page one of the biggest problems for small scale potato. International year of the potato 2008 potato pest and. The disease mainly affects the stems and petioles of sweet potato and the name sweet potato stem. Smallscale technology and practices for sweet potato growing.
Land preparation prepare land well in advance of planting time. Thus, the stabilization of sweet potato among the cultivated plants in hungary will require. Common names of diseases, the american phytopathological society. Isbn 1 863202102 technical editing, design and layout by arawang, canberra cover illustrations. For healthy adults, eating a sweet potato daily or a few times a week offers a nutritional boost. Pathogenic bacteria, although not very common, are responsible for important economic losses. Potatoes are susceptible to many different diseases. The weather plays a big part in the health of a potato crop. R8243 control strategies for sweet potato virus disease in africa richard w. Sweetpotatoes are grown primarily in the coastal plain of eastern north carolina.
Moist, sweet flesh types of sweetpotatoes are sometimes called yams, but these should not be confused with true yams dioscorea sp. Sweet potatoes are susceptible to several diseases that affect primarily the roots. Sweet potatoes can fall victim to several different pests and diseases. Compendium of sweetpotato diseases, pests, and disorders, second edition arrives as sweetpotato production is increasing dramatically in the united states, expanding to states that have not traditionally produced the crop, and as sweetpotato is being adopted as a critical source of vitamin a in many countries around the world. You may have a disease problem in the potato patch one year and none at all the next.
Post harvest diseases of produce, they are still extensively used in many. Potato physiological disordersinternal heat necrosis. The current incidence of viral disease in korean sweet potatoes. Turn the soil several weeks before setting out sweet potato slips or plants. Potato physiological disordersinternal heat necrosis 3 carefully so that favorable conditions are not provided for other disorders or diseases stevenson et al. Sweet potato virus disease is a disease complex caused by two viruses. A large number of soilborne diseases that affect potato are important in the united states. As an alternative to white potatoes, the baked sweet potato is flavorful on its own, without additional dressing or fluff such as butter and sour cream. Despite the present trend to discourage the use of chemical fungicides to control. More consumer familiarity with fresh sweet potatoes and increases in sweet potato fry consumption contribute to the increase.
Some infect the roots and tubers only, while others infect the leaves. Moisture and temperature conditions may trigger certain diseases, which will spread rapidly through the potato rows. It is also not tolerant to water logging which can cause tuber rot. The crop is sensitive to drought at tuber initiation stage 5060 days after planting. Choose a location that is well drained and, if possible, protected from north winds. Root and stem diseases include stemrot, blackrot, footrot, scurf, and rootrot.
Sweet potato plants are often produced in open beds. In this study, we established detection methods for 17 major sweet potato viruses using single and multiplex rtpcr assays. The term sweet potato is really a misnomer, because it implies they are potatoes that are sweet, when in reality they are as different from potatoes as carrots are. Adults can cause minor damage by chewing on foliage. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Potato pest and disease management combating pests and diseases with intensive. Sweetpotato nc state extension nc state university. Since its first publication 20 years ago, key pathogens and management practices have greatly expanded, and the international importance of many pathogens has changed. Government documents a to z digitization project and one other and was provided by unt libraries government documents department to unt digital library, a digital repository hosted by the unt libraries. Pdf since the introduction of sweet potato ipomoea batatas l.
The international potato center cip is a scientific, nonprofit institution dedicated to the increased and more sustainable use of potato. Do not use very small sized tubers for planting as they infected quickly. Sweet potato diseases and common name of fungicidal controls. Correct identification is an essential first step in their control. Tuber diseases include pink rot figure 1, rhizoctonia figure 2, silver scurf figure 3, powdery scab, and white mold. Sweetpotato is north carolinas top vegetable crop and the official state vegetable. The sweet potato ipomoea batatas is a warm season root crop. To allow beds to settle and become firm, make final. Sweet potato diseases in ethiopia, and elsewhere in subsaharan africa, are often transmitted. Soft rot diseases of potatoes agriculture and food.
Sweet potatoes university of the district of columbia. The symptoms are sever stunting of infected plants, stunting, distorted and chlorotic mottle or vein clearing of the leaves. Approximately 50% of the nations supply of sweetpotato is produced in north carolina. Adult beetles emerge in late spring and summer, particularly after heavy rains. What gardeners can do to prevent the spread of harmful. Potato disease models accuracy of the weather data is the responsibility of the owners of the weather station instruments. Sweet potato diseases and their control international.
Powdery scab is favored by heavy soils and high soil moisture. They cannot justify purchasing largescale equipment for small operations, but. Sweet potatoes gained some popularity as a lowercarb potato in the early 2000s. Each entry in this handbook is accompanied by photographs, and pinpoints where a specific pest or disease occurs. This disease can spread in storage or lead to dry rot. It is mainly affecting the plants in the early season, infected plants have veins, rough leaves, mild mottling and with tiny spots on the leaves. Biodeterioration of sweet potato ipomoea batatas lam bioline. The program is designed to conduct surveys and improve methods for the detection and evaluation of important plant pests and enter data into a computer based national plant pest survey and detection program. However, some are grown in northeastern north carolina near edenton.
Phytoplasma infection or anything that constricts the stem, including but not limited to rhizoctonia canker, heat. Manage your garden to prevent the introduction and spread of diseases. Recognizing this, the national sweetpotato collaborators group and the national sweetpotato association endorsed spelling sweetpotato as one word in 1989. Vitamin a is a fatsoluble vitamin, so be sure to eat your sweet potato with a little bit of fat, like a pat of butter or a drizzle of olive oil, to maximize vitamin absorption. It is confirmed that spcsv enhances the accumulation of spfmv. Smallscale technology and practices for sweet potato growing in southeast oklahoma 1 introduction market gardeners are often caught in a technological doughnut hole. Voss, vegetable specialist, cooperative extension, davis, and dennis hall, plant pathologist, cooperative extension, davis. The book features chapters on bacterial and fungal diseases, diseases caused by viruses, viroids, and mycoplasmas and by nematodes and insects, noninfectious diseases, and seed potato certification. Curl grub white grub, cane grub, peanut scarab heteronyx spp. Insects such as leafhopper and psyllids cause injuries to the potato that are often confused with diseases caused by infectious organisms. The sweet potato plant is a branching, creeeping vine with spirally arranged lobed, heart shaped leaves and white or lavender flowers. The major biotic problems in sweet potato cultivation worldwide are sweet potato weevil and viral diseases.
Potato diseases presents the practical experience and scientific research in production and the diseases of the seed potato. Each sweet potato root will produce 12 to 20 slips over a three to fourweek period. A new sweet potato disease was discovered in ethiopia. Most of the sweet potato varieties grown in east africa have white or creamcolored flesh. Potato storage diseases university of california, davis. Feathery mottle virus symptoms russet crack strain on. The alaska plant materials center potato disease control project joined the national plant pest survey program in 1984.
High quality tubers are best produced on fertile, well drained, sandy loams. Sweet potatoes are powerhouses of nutrition packed into one medium serving. Potato diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas, a viroid, nematode m festations, and by abiotic, or noninfectious, entities. The use of diseasefree mother roots treated with a recommended fungicide and planted in noninfested soils assures a black rotfree crop of sweet potatoes. Our potato industry depends on responsible gardeners like you use certified seed potatoes and diseasefree tomato transplants. International year of the potato 2008 the use of chemical pesticides on potato is increasing in developing. Crops grown in heavy clay loams produce irregular shaped tubers. Foreword farmers in developing countries grow sweet potato for a variety of uses.
Tubers are inspected for soft rot under was certified seed potato scheme. Pdf post harvest handling, storage methods, pests and. Everything you ever wanted to know about sweetpotato. Cultivars with high orangecolored flesh contain much higher levels of carotenoids than less pigmented types. Nonemergence of plants, wilting, browning of plant tissues, stem desiccation and plant death have all been linked to infection by soft rot bacteria.
Management of potato diseas north dakota state university. Age of cultivars varieties cutting means months gem miguela chipper bonara for ages tuber weight per plant kg 2 1. The sweet potato ipomoea batatas was domesticated in central and south. Sweet potatoes in nigeria evans school of public policy. Compendium of potato diseases, second edition includes uptodate information on diseases and disorders affecting potatoes worldwide. Bacterial diseases of potato and their management in montana blackleg, aerial stem rot and soft rot are all caused by bacteria, that via their production of pectolytic enzymes cause a wet, mushy rot of tissues they infect. Other potato diseases select the best section 1 background learning about seed potato quality control, potato diseases and the role of select the best in fighting potato seed degeneration.
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